Cervical Cancer Risk Factors: A Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33746/fhj.v10i03.354Keywords:
Smoking, Risk Factors, Cervical Cancer, Hormonal Birth ControlAbstract
Cervical cancer is caused by infection with the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) which grows in the cervix resulting in malignant tumors. Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women in the world. The purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors for cervical cancer. With the incidence of cervical cancer in the community, this study used a literature study. The search used PubMed and Google Scholar databases from 2017 to 2020 publication years and found 12 relevant articles based on the inclusion criteria. The results of the review showed that cervical cancer can be caused by risk factors of early sexual activity, use of tobacco cigarettes, use of hormonal contraception, and having > 1 sexual partner. There was a relationship between risk factors of cervical cancer between engaging in sexual activity at an early age (<20 years), using tobacco cigarettes, using hormonal contraception ≥5 years, and having >1 sexual partner. It was important for medical personnel and health care facilities to use an approach of providing education to people about cervical cancer risk factors to make them knowing the impacts, dangers and preventions of cervical cancer.
Downloads
References
Aballéa, S., Beck, E., Cheng, X., Demarteau, N., Li, X., Ma, F., Neine, M., & Zhao, F. H. (2020). Risk Factors For Cervical Cancer In Women In China: A Meta-Model. Women’s Health, 16. Https://Doi.Org/10.1177/1745506520940875
Adyani, K., & Realita, F. (2020). Factors That Influence The Participation Among Women In Inspection Visual Acetic Acid (IVA) Test. Jurnal Aisyah : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 5(2), 115–121. Https://Doi.Org/10.30604/Jika.V5i2.289
Cholifah, N., Rusnoto, & Hidayah, N. (2017). Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Deteksi Dini Kanker Serviks. The 6th University Research Colloquium, 457–470. Http://Journal.Ummgl.Ac.Id/Index.Php/Urecol/Article/Download/1463/940/
Evriarti, P. R., & Yasmon, A. (2019). Patogenesis Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Pada Kanker Serviks. Jurnal Biotek Medisiana Indonesia, 8(1), 23–32. Https://Doi.Org/10.22435/Jbmi.V8i1.2580
Feng, R. M., Hu, S. Y., Zhao, F. H., Zhang, R., Zhang, X., Wallach, A. I., & Qiao, Y. L. (2017). Role Of Active And Passive Smoking In High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection And Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Grade 2 Or Worse. Journal Of Gynecologic Oncology, 28(5), 1–12. Https://Doi.Org/10.3802/Jgo.2017.28.E47
Jean Paul, E. N., Henri, E., Valère, M. K., Jean Paul, N. N., & Pascal, F. (2020). Risk Factors Of Cervical Cancer In Two Reference Hospitals Of Douala: A Case-Control Study. Cancer Science & Research, 3(2), 1–6. Https://Doi.Org/10.33425/2639-8478.1050
Kasamatsu, E., Riveros, M. I. R., Soilan, A. M., Ortega, M., Mongelós, P., Páez, M., Castro, A., Cristaldo, C., Báez, F. R., Centurión, C. C., Vester, J., Barrios, H., Villalba, G., Amarilla, M. L., Giménez, G., Caubere, E., De La Luz Hernández, M., Baena, A., Almonte, M., … Mendoza, L. P. (2018). Factors Associated With High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection And High-Grade Cervical Neoplasia: A Population-Based Study In Paraguay. Plos ONE, 14(6), 1–21. Https://Doi.Org/10.1371/Journal.Pone.0218016
Meihartati, T. (2017). Hubungan Faktor Predisposisi Ibu Terhadap Kanker Servik Di RSUD Sumedang Tahun 2016. Dinamika Kesehatan, 8(1), 194–201.
Musfirah. (2018). Faktor Resiko Kejadian Kanker Serviks Di Rsup Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar. J-Kesmas, 151(2), 10–17.
Nurlelawati, E., Eni, T., Devi, R., & Sumiati, I. (2018). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Kanker Serviks Di Rumah Sakit Pusat Pertamina Jakarta Tahun 2016. Midwife Journal, 5(01), 8–16.Https://Media.Neliti.Com/Media/Publications/234022-Faktor-Faktor-Yang-Berhubungan-Dengan-Ke-4c9aa2a2.Pdf
Putri, D. N. Ulistiya, Pramono, D., & Nurdiati, D. (2017). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Kanker Serviks Di Rumah Sakit Sardjito Yogyakarta Related Factors For Cervical Cancer Incidence In Dr. Sardjito Hospital In Yogyakarta. BKM Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health, 33, 125–130.
Rahmawati, L., & Ningsih, M. P. (2020). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Lesi Prakanker Serviks Di Puskesmas Padang Pasir Kota Padang. Medikes (Media Informasi Kesehtan), 7(November), 281–296.
Ramadini, I. (2018). Hubungan Deteksi Dini (Pap Smear) Dengan Kejadian Kanker Serviks Di Poli Obgyn. Jurnal Endurance, 3(1), 7. Https://Doi.Org/10.22216/Jen.V2i3.1885
Republik Indonesia, K. K. (2021). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2020. In Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Https://Pusdatin.Kemkes.Go.Id/Resources/Download/Pusdatin/Profil-Kesehatan-Indonesia/Profil-Kesehatan-Indonesia-Tahun-2020.Pdf
Skorstengaard, M., Lynge, E., Napolitano, G., Blaakær, J., & Bor, P. (2021). Risk Of Precancerous Cervical Lesions In Women Using A Hormone-Containing Intrauterine Device And Other Contraceptives : A Register-Based Cohort Study From Denmark. Human Reproduction, 36(7), 1796–1807. Https://Doi.Org/10.1093/Humrep/Deab066
Stelzle, D., Tanaka, L. F., Lee, K. K., Ibrahim Khalil, A., Baussano, I., Shah, A. S. V., Mcallister, D. A., Gottlieb, S. L., Klug, S. J., Winkler, A. S., Bray, F., Baggaley, R., Clifford, G. M., Broutet, N., & Dalal, S. (2021). Estimates Of The Global Burden Of Cervical Cancer Associated With HIV. The Lancet Global Health, 9(2), E161–E169. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30459-9
Sung, H., Ferlay, J., Siegel, R. L., Laversanne, M., Soerjomataram, I., Jemal, A., & Bray, F. (2021). Global Cancer Statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN Estimates Of Incidence And Mortality Worldwide For 36 Cancers In 185 Countries. CA: A Cancer Journal For Clinicians, 71(3), 209–249. Https://Doi.Org/10.3322/Caac.21660
Torres-Poveda, K., Ruiz-Fraga, I., Madrid-Marina, V., Chavez, M., & Richardson, V. (2019). High Risk HPV Infection Prevalence And Associated Cofactors: A Population-Based Study In Female ISSSTE Beneficiaries Attending The HPV Screening And Early Detection Of Cervical Cancer Program. BMC Cancer, 19(1), 1–12. Https://Doi.Org/10.1186/S12885-019-6388-4
Utomo, F., Afandi, A., Bahri, S., Ilmu, D., Dasar, K., Dokter, P. P., Riau, J., Ilmu, D., & Klinik, K. (2020). Korelasi Durasi Penggunaan Kontrasepsi Oral Dan Stadium Kanker Serviks Di Rsud Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau. Collaborative Medical Journal, 3(1), 24–31.
Wanda, M., Oktavia, Nike Sari, & Yusefni, E. (2018). Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Kanker Serviks Di Rsup Dr M.Djamil Padang Tahun 2017. Jik- Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 2(1), 79–85. Https://Doi.Org/10.33757/Jik.V2i1.82
Weni Tri Purnani, Siswi Wulandari, Anita Nuril Fadila, N. (2021). Infeksi Menular Seksual Dan Riwayat Kontrasepsi Hormonal Sebagai Faktor Resiko Lesi Pra-Kanker Leher Rahim. Jurnal Bidan Pintar, 3(2), 138.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly cited.
